Myofibrillar hypertrophy builds denser, stronger muscle fibers—think gymnast physiques. Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy fills the cell with fluid and glycogen, increasing size but not strength proportionally—think bodybuilder physiques. Calisthenics tends to favor myofibrillar growth due to low-rep high-tension work, but volume phases can stimulate both. Choose your training accordingly: heavy and low-rep for strength, moderate and higher-rep for size.